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Essays

What lies beneath

The roots of plants exhibit a range of forms and functions that match those of the green, above ground parts.

The roots of plants are subterranean architects: how they form and extract nutrients and water from the ground is a fascinating story of evolution.

We rarely imagine what lies below the surface when we see the spreading canopy of the peepul tree or a slender, tall pine. If at all we think of roots, we imagine them as underground foundations that hold up trees, or as processes that suck up nutrition for plants in general. Yet, roots exhibit a range of forms and functions that more than match those of the green, above-ground parts of plants.

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